Release of Lipids from Red Cell Membrane by Surface-active Agents

Decreased fluidity of red cell membrane lipids in abetalipoproteinemia.

Acanthocytic red cells in patients with abetalipoproteinemia are morphologically similar to the red cells in spur cell anemia. Fluidity of membrane lipids is decreased in spur cells due to their excess cholesterol content. Acanthocyte membranes have an increased content of sphingomyelin and a decreased content of lecithin. To assess the effect of this abnormality of acanthocyte membrane lipid c...

Surface-active agents from two bacillus species.

Two Bacillus species were studied which produced bioemulsifiers; however, they were distinctly different compounds. Bacillus sp. strain IAF 343 produced unusually high yields of extracellular biosurfactant when grown on a medium containing only water-soluble substrates. The yield of 1 g/liter was appreciably better than those of most of the biosurfactants reported previously. This neutral lipid...

Interaction of phloretin with the human red cell membrane and membrane lipids: evidence from infrared, Raman and ESR spectroscopy.

The transport inhibitor phloretin was bound to human red cell membrane and the concomitant structural changes were observed by spectroscopic methods. By the spin labeling method a decrease in fluidity of the membrane was found at 1 and 10 microM concentrations of the reagent. This result was obtained with the 2-(3-Carboxypropyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-tridecyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl, and the 2-4(14-Carboxy...

Surfactants - Surface Active Agents

The definition for a detergent is a cleaning agent. The main cleaning agent used in earlier days was soap. This term means a compound formed from the reaction of a fatty acid with a base such as caustic soda, forming the sodium soap of the acid. The more commonly used cleaning agent in this day and age is the synthetic detergent (SYNDET) which is a formulation such as TIDE or FAB. The essential...

Silicone Surface-Active Agents